Introduction This tutorial will guide you through the basic steps to create a grading rubric for evaluating student performances. In this tutorial we will cover the following topics: • What is a Rubric? • Why use a Rubric? • Steps to Create a Rubric At the end of the tutorial you will find a series of templates you can use for your own grading rubrics. They were created using Microsoft Word, and can be modified to meet your needs. Should you have any questions about this tutorial, or would like additional information about the use of grading rubrics, please contact What is a Rubric? In education, rubrics are a tool developed by instructors to assess the performances of their students. This assessment tool lists the dimensions (tasks) of the performance to be evaluated, and the specific criteria used to evaluate each dimension. It is different than a simple checklist since it also describes the gradations of quality (levels) for each dimension of the performance to be evaluated, and assigns a point value to each gradation of quality. An example of a template for a rubric with 4 dimensions and 3 levels of quality: Why use a Rubric? Rubrics are typically used with assessments that are subjective (presentations, papers, discussions, portfolios, essays, projects) rather than objective assessments (multiple choice, true/false or fill-in-the-blank tests.) Rubrics are used for many reasons, some of which include: • Rubrics make the instructor’s expectations clear to the students • Rubrics show students how to meet the instructor’s expectations i.e. What they need to do to be successful • Rubrics help students evaluate the quality of their own work • Rubrics identify the specific elements an instructor uses to differentiate between the qualities ofperformances. It helps the student answer the question ‘why did I get a point taken off?’ • If more than one person is evaluating the performance, it improves the consistency and objectivity (standardization) of grading • It may reduce the time it takes to grade if there are similiarities among comments made to students regarding flaws or excellence in a performance How to Create a Rubric Creating a rubric is easy once you have taken to time to evaluate the dimesions/tasks which make up the students performance, and the criterion you will use to evaluate it. This easy-to-use Microsoft Word rubric template -- created by Cait Camarata, Edutopia's visual designer -- can be modified to suit your own needs. Use this template to score your students on project-based learning (PBL) activities, taking into consideration four aspects of students' performance: content, conventions (spelling, grammar, vocabulary), organization, and presentation. Each achievement is given a score from 1 (lowest) to 4 (highest). Schneider demonstrates the ease of custom rubric design using Microsoft office 2010. (May also be used. Creating a Rubric Using a Table in your Word Processing Software. These directions are written for use with Microsoft Word (2003). You will need to make adjustments as needed if using some other word processing software. • Open a new document. • Indicate the line/place where the student's name will be placed o Name. Performance Objectives (also known as learning objectives) are statements which identify the specific knowledge, skill, or attitude the learner should gain and display as a result of the instructional activity. Performance objectives should consist of 3 elements: • Student Performance • Conditions • Criteria The Student performance is the observable behavior that a student will do to demonstrate that the lesson is learned. The conditions are the tools, resources and enviroment where the performance will take place. The criteria is the accuracy level assigned to the performance. As mentioned above, the rubric is the written document communicating the criteria to the student. Below is an example of a performance statement without the criteria. (The criteria will be written in the form of a rubric.) You do not have to list the conditions for the student when writing the performance statement. However, if you identify them when you are creating your course it will help you preplan the resources you may need to generate for this performance. Step 2: Identify the dimensions/tasks comprising the performance. Dimensions are the broad concepts or specific tasks the student should demonstrate when performing the activity. Dimensions can be specific tasks or they can address a variety of intellectual or cognitive competencies that target a specific academic discipline or involve multiple disciplines. The dimensions you use may also be defined by National Standards, degreed programs, or job-related competencies. Examples of dimensions for a group exercise analyzing a case study may include: • Contribute to the group discussion • Take responsibility for required work • Value others viewpoints • Analyze the study cooperatively • Present the outcome in a given format Here are a few more examples: Example of dimensions which are for a written project Example of dimensions which are for an online discussion Example of dimensions which are for a presentation How many dimensions are enough? There is not clear answer. Try to fit the rubric on 1-2 pages. You will notice our examples have between 4-8 dimensions/tasks. Assign a point value to each gradation of quality, and identify the total point value for the assessment. If you already know the total number of points for this assessment. Divide the total number of points by the number of dimensions to get the maximum point value for achieving the highest gradation for a dimension. For example, if the assessment is worth 15 points, and there are 5 dimensions, the highest gradation will be worth 3 points. Each gradation below this highest level should be valued at less than the 3 points. If you do not have a total number of points for this assessment. Identify the maximum number of points for achieving the highest level of quality. Assign a number to each of the lower levels of quality. Typically, the gradations are in increments of 1 point. Multiply the maximum point value by the total number of dimensions. This is the total point value for the assessment. For example, if you have 3 levels (poor, average, excellent) the highest level is worth 3 points, the middle level is worth 2 points and the lowest level is worth 1 point. If there are 7 dimensions, the total point value for this assessment is 21 points. See an to the 3 levels of quality Although most rubrics have at least 1 point for the lowest value, you can have a zero for the lowest gradation. Start with the best quality of each dimension. Simply list the specific expectations you have for the student. Then, for each level below the best quality, identify the flaws or missing elements which will cause the student to lose points off the best quality performance. View a rubric with View a rubric with View a rubric with Avoid negative language when listing the criteria. Instead try to identify the specific criteria which is missing, or flaw so they know why they were assessed with a lower quality performance. Your rubric will be a table. Each dimension should be in a separate row, and each gradation of quality should be in a separate column. Provide a place at the top of the rubric for your performance statement, an extra row for the header, and a column on the left to list the dimensions. If you plan to use this rubric as a method of feedback to the students. Create an additional column on the right side of the page where you can place the point values earned for each dimension. We have created a few templates as a starting point. Download a of quality Download a of quality Download a of quality Note: You can modify these templates to meet your needs. You do not have to list the descriptive words for each quality degradation, only the points they will earn if they meet this level of quality. Applies To: Excel 2016 Word 2016 Outlook 2016 PowerPoint 2016 Excel 2013 Word 2013 Outlook 2013 PowerPoint 2013 Excel 2010 Word 2010 Outlook 2010 PowerPoint 2010 Excel 2007 Word 2007 Outlook 2007 PowerPoint 2007 If you want to create a graphical representation of a sequence of events, such as the milestones in a project or the main events of a person's life, you can use a SmartArt graphic timeline. After you create the timeline, you can add more dates, move dates, change layouts and colors, and apply different styles. • Click the SmartArt graphic that you want to add another entry to. • Click the existing entry that is located closest to where you want to add the new entry. • Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click the arrow next to Add Shape. If you don't see the SmartArt Tools or Design tabs, make sure that you've selected the SmartArt graphic. You might have to double-click the SmartArt graphic to open the Design tab. • Do one of the following: • To insert an entry after the selected entry, click Add Shape After. • To insert an entry before the selected entry, click Add Shape Before. • In the text pane, select the entry that you want to move. • Do one of the following: • To move the entry to an earlier date, under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Move Up. • To move the entry to a later date, under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Move Down. If you don't see the SmartArt Tools or Design tabs, make sure that you've selected the SmartArt graphic. You might have to double-click the SmartArt graphic to open the Design tab. To quickly add a designer-quality look and polish to your SmartArt graphic, you can to your timeline. You can also add effects, such as glows, soft edges, or 3-D effects. Using Microsoft PowerPoint 2010, you can also. You can apply color combinations that are derived from the theme colors to the entries in your SmartArt graphic. • Click the SmartArt graphic whose color you want to change. • Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, click Change Colors. If you don't see the SmartArt Tools or Design tabs, make sure that you've selected the SmartArt graphic. • Click the color combination that you want. • Click the SmartArt graphic you want to change. • Right-click the border of an entry, and then click Format Shape. • Click Fill, and then click Solid fill. • Click Color, and then click the color that you want. To change the background to a color that is not in the theme colors, click More Colors, and then either click the color that you want on the Standard tab, or mix your own color on the Custom tab. Custom colors and colors on the Standard tab are not updated if you later change the document theme. To specify how much you can see through the background color, move the Transparency slider, or enter a number in the box next to the slider. You can vary the percentage of transparency from 0% (fully opaque, the default setting) to 100% (fully transparent). • Click the SmartArt graphic that you want to add another entry to. • Click the existing entry that is located closest to where you want to add the new entry. • Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click the arrow under Add Shape. If you don't see the SmartArt Tools or Design tabs, make sure that you've selected the SmartArt graphic. • Do one of the following: • To insert an entry after the selected entry, click Add Shape After. • To insert an entry before the selected entry, click Add Shape Before. To quickly add a designer-quality look and polish to your SmartArt graphic, you can change the colors or to your timeline. You can also add effects, such as glows, soft edges, or 3-D effects. Using PowerPoint 2007 presentations, you can. You can apply color combinations that are derived from the theme colors to the entries in your SmartArt graphic. • Click the SmartArt graphic whose color you want to change. • Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, click Change Colors. If you don't see the SmartArt Tools or Design tabs, make sure that you've selected the SmartArt graphic. • Click the color combination that you want. • Click the SmartArt graphic you want to change. • Right-click the border of an entry, and then click Format Shape. • Click Fill, and then click Solid fill. • Click Color, and then click the color that you want. To change the background to a color that is not in the theme colors, click More Colors, and then either click the color that you want on the Standard tab, or mix your own color on the Custom tab. Custom colors and colors on the Standard tab are not updated if you later change the document theme. To specify how much you can see through the background color, move the Transparency slider, or enter a number in the box next to the slider. You can vary the percentage of transparency from 0% (fully opaque, the default setting) to 100% (fully transparent). A SmartArt Style is a combination of various effects, such as line style, bevel, or 3-D, that you can apply to the entries in your SmartArt graphic to create a unique and professionally designed look. • Click the SmartArt graphic you want to change. • Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, click the SmartArt Style that you want. To see more SmartArt Styles, click the More button. • When you place your pointer over a thumbnail, you can see how the SmartArt Style affects your SmartArt graphic. • You can also customize your SmartArt graphic by,,, and.
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